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DNA Replication Enzymes
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DNA Polymerase III
Main enzyme that adds nucleotides in the 5' to 3' direction during DNA replication
Helicase
Unwinds the DNA double helix at the replication forks
Primase
Synthesizes RNA primers to initiate DNA synthesis
DNA Polymerase I
Removes RNA primers and replaces them with DNA nucleotides
Ligase
Joins Okazaki fragments by forming phosphodiester bonds between them
Topoisomerase
Relieves the supercoiling and tension in the DNA ahead of the replication fork
Single-strand binding proteins (SSBs)
Bind to and stabilize single-stranded DNA until it can be used as a template
DNA Polymerase II
Involved in DNA repair processes
DNA Polymerase delta
Mainly functions on the lagging strand to synthesize Okazaki fragments
RNase H
Removes RNA primers during DNA replication
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