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The number of pregnancies that have proceeded to 20 weeks or more, regardless of whether the baby was born alive or stillborn. Relevance: Indicates the number of times a woman has carried a pregnancy to a viable gestational age.

The age of the fetus or embryo from the first day of the last menstrual period (LMP) to the current date. Relevance: Used to monitor the development and schedule appropriate tests during pregnancy.

A quick test performed on a newborn at 1 and 5 minutes after birth. Relevance: The score assess the health of the newborn and helps determine if immediate medical care is necessary.

High blood pressure that develops as a direct result of pregnancy. Relevance: Can lead to preeclampsia, eclampsia, and other serious health problems.

The process of the cervix thinning and stretching in preparation for childbirth. Relevance: A sign that labor is approaching; full effacement is necessary for the baby to pass through the birth canal.

A condition where a fetus is smaller than expected for the number of weeks of pregnancy. Relevance: Associated with increased risk of poor pregnancy outcomes, including preterm birth and perinatal mortality.

A surgical procedure to deliver a baby through incisions in the abdomen and uterus. Relevance: Performed when vaginal delivery would put the baby or mother at risk.

A hormone produced by the pituitary gland that causes contractions of the uterus. Relevance: Induces labor and reduces bleeding after delivery; administered synthetically as Pitocin.

Vaginal discharge after giving birth, containing blood, mucus, and uterine tissue. Relevance: Normal part of the postpartum period; its characteristics can indicate how well the uterus is healing.

The number of times a woman has been pregnant, regardless of the outcome. Relevance: Helps to classify maternal health and prenatal care.

A complex mix of physical, emotional, and behavioral changes after giving birth. Relevance: Affects a mother's ability to care for and bond with her baby and can affect the family's well-being.

A pregnancy complication characterized by high blood pressure and signs of damage to another organ system, most often the liver and kidneys. Relevance: Can lead to serious, even fatal, complications for mother and baby.

A scoring system to assess the readiness of the cervix for induction of labor. Relevance: Helps in predicting whether induction of labor will be successful.

Irregular, often painless contractions that occur during pregnancy. Relevance: Sometimes confused with true labor, they help the uterus prepare for birth but are not a sign of imminent labor.

The distance from the pubic bone to the top of the uterus. Relevance: Used to estimate the gestational age of the fetus and monitor growth during pregnancy.

A condition in which the cervix dilates and effaces prematurely without pain or contractions. Relevance: Can lead to preterm birth or loss of an otherwise healthy pregnancy.

A medical procedure used to sample the amniotic fluid around the fetus to test for genetic conditions and fetal infections. Relevance: Provides crucial information about fetal health and guides management of high-risk pregnancies.

A condition wherein the placenta covers the cervix either partially or completely. Relevance: Can cause severe bleeding during pregnancy and childbirth, requiring careful monitoring and possibly cesarean delivery.

A term used to describe signs that the fetus is not well, usually due to inadequate oxygen. Relevance: Can be an indication for urgent interventions such as cesarean delivery or other treatments to relieve distress.