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Breast Health and Screening

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Self-Examination

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Recommendation: Monthly post-menstrual self-examination. Potential findings: Lumps, changes in size or shape, skin dimpling, nipple discharge.

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Breast Cancer Risk Assessment

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Recommendation: Regular assessments for all adult women. Potential findings: Estimations of the 5-year and lifetime risk of developing breast cancer.

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3D Mammography (Tomosynthesis)

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Recommendation: May be offered as a more detailed screening option. Potential findings: Improved visualization of breast tissue layers, which may lead to better cancer detection rates.

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Breast Density Awareness

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Recommendation: Women should be informed of their breast density. Potential findings: Dense breast tissue can mask potential cancers on mammograms and is associated with an increased risk of cancer.

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Mammography

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Recommendation: Biennially for women aged 50-74. Potential findings: Early stages of breast cancer, microcalcifications.

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MRI

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Recommendation: Supplemental screening for those with a high risk of breast cancer. Potential findings: Presence of tumors, especially in dense breast tissue.

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Biopsy

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Recommendation: Performed when suspicious lesions are present to determine if cancer is present. Potential findings: Benign or malignant breast tissue.

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Thermography

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Recommendation: Not recommended as a routine screening tool. Potential findings: Abnormal patterns of heat and blood flow.

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Clinical Breast Exam (CBE)

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Recommendation: Every 1-3 years for women aged 25-39 and annually for women 40 and over. Potential findings: Lumps, thickening, changes in skin or nipples.

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BRCA Gene Testing

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Recommendation: For those with a family history of breast cancer. Potential findings: Mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes.

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Hormonal Influence on Breast Health

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Recommendation: Awareness of breast changes during menstrual cycle. Potential findings: Cyclic tenderness or lumpiness due to estrogen and progesterone.

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Ultrasound

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Recommendation: Used adjunctively with mammography or when mammography is inconclusive. Potential findings: Characterize lumps as solid masses or cysts.

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