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Health and Medicine

Infectious Diseases

Antibiotics and Their Uses

Antiviral Medications and Conditions They Treat

Bacterial vs Viral Infections

Common Colds: Causes and Symptoms

Emerging Infectious Diseases

Essential Vaccinations for Travel

Global Infectious Disease Outbreaks

Hospital-Acquired Infections

Helminthic Infections in Humans

Infection Control Methods

Infectious Diseases in Immunocompromised Individuals

Modes of Disease Transmission

Neglected Tropical Diseases

Pediatric Infectious Diseases

Parasitic Infections and Their Effects

Public Health Responses to Pandemics

Notable Epidemiologists and Their Contributions

Prion Diseases and Brain Health

Protozoan Infections

Tropical Infectious Diseases

Tick-Borne Diseases

Vaccine-Preventable Diseases

Virus Structure and Classification

Venomous Bites and Infection Risk

Zoonotic Diseases and Their Origins

Emerging Infectious Diseases

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Nipah Virus

Origin: Malaysia; Year Discovered: 1998; Current Status: Sporadic outbreaks, particularly in South Asia

Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome (SFTS)

Origin: China; Year Discovered: 2009; Current Status: Reported cases in East Asia

Chikungunya

Origin: Tanzania; Year Discovered: 1952; Current Status: Re-emergence with large outbreaks globally

West Nile Virus

Origin: Uganda; Year Discovered: 1937; Current Status: Endemic in Africa, the Middle East, Europe, and North America

SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome)

Origin: Guangdong, China; Year Discovered: 2002; Current Status: Contained by 2004

Avian Influenza (Bird Flu)

Origin: Varies; Year Discovered: First identified in 1997 (H5N1); Current Status: Ongoing cases in poultry with sporadic human infection

Swine Flu (H1N1)

Origin: Mexico; Year Discovered: 2009; Current Status: Now a regular human flu virus

Zika Virus

Origin: Uganda; Year Discovered: 1947; Current Status: Sporadic outbreaks

Ebola Virus Disease

Origin: Democratic Republic of Congo; Year Discovered: 1976; Current Status: Occasional outbreaks

Candida auris

Origin: First identified in Japan; Year Discovered: 2009; Current Status: Multi-drug resistant fungus causing global concern

Andes Hantavirus

Origin: South America; Year Discovered: Identified in 1996; Current Status: Endemic with sporadic outbreaks

COVID-19

Origin: Wuhan, China; Year Discovered: 2019; Current Status: Ongoing pandemic

MERS-CoV

Origin: Middle East; Year Discovered: 2012; Current Status: Not eradicated, with occasional new cases reported

Lyme Disease

Origin: Lyme, Connecticut, USA; Year Discovered: 1975; Current Status: Increasing incidence in temperate regions

Monkeypox

Origin: Democratic Republic of Congo; Year Discovered: 1970; Current Status: Recent increase in cases outside of West and Central Africa

Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)

Origin: Saudi Arabia; Year Discovered: 2012; Current Status: Periodic cases

Zoonotic Influenza

Origin: Varies; Year Discovered: Periodically emerging; Current Status: Ongoing threat with sporadic human infections

Acute Flaccid Myelitis (AFM)

Origin: Cases primarily in the United States; Year Discovered: Notable increase in cases since 2014; Current Status: Under investigation for periodic increases

Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome

Origin: USA; Year Discovered: 1993; Current Status: Rare, but ongoing cases mainly in the Americas

Legionnaires' Disease

Origin: Philadelphia, USA; Year Discovered: 1976; Current Status: Ongoing cases worldwide

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