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Pediatric Infectious Diseases

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Pneumococcal Disease

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Common Symptoms: Pneumonia, meningitis, otitis media, sepsis. Vaccine: PCV13 (Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine)

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Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)

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Common Symptoms: Runny nose, decrease in appetite, coughing, sneezing. Vaccine: No vaccine available, but prophylaxis with palivizumab recommended for high-risk infants

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Lyme Disease

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Common Symptoms: Erythema migrans rash, fever, chills, headache, fatigue. Vaccine: No vaccine available

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Tetanus

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Common Symptoms: Stiffness in neck and abdominal muscles, difficulty swallowing, muscle spasms. Vaccine: DTaP (Diphtheria, Tetanus, acellular Pertussis)

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Human Papillomavirus (HPV)

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Common Symptoms: Often asymptomatic, can cause genital warts or cervical cancer. Vaccine: HPV vaccine

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Zika Virus

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Common Symptoms: Fever, rash, joint pain, conjunctivitis. Vaccine: No vaccine available

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Influenza

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Common Symptoms: Fever, cough, sore throat, body aches, fatigue. Vaccine: Seasonal influenza vaccine

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Fifth Disease

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Common Symptoms: 'Slapped cheek' rash, mild fever, upper respiratory symptoms. Vaccine: No vaccine available

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Roseola

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Common Symptoms: Sudden high fever followed by a pinkish-red flat or raised rash. Vaccine: No vaccine available

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Ebola Virus Disease

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Common Symptoms: Fever, headache, muscle pain, vomiting, diarrhea. Vaccine: Ebola vaccine (Ervebo)

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Mumps

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Common Symptoms: Swollen salivary glands, fever, headache, muscle aches, tiredness, loss of appetite. Vaccine: MMR (Measles-Mumps-Rubella)

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Varicella (Chickenpox)

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Common Symptoms: Itchy rash, fever, tiredness, loss of appetite. Vaccine: Varicella vaccine

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Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib)

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Common Symptoms: Meningitis, pneumonia, epiglottitis, sepsis. Vaccine: Hib vaccine

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Diphtheria

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Common Symptoms: Sore throat, fever, swollen glands, weakness. Vaccine: DTaP (Diphtheria, Tetanus, acellular Pertussis)

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Rotavirus

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Common Symptoms: Fever, diarrhea, vomiting. Vaccine: Rotavirus vaccines (RotaTeq and Rotarix)

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Chikungunya

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Common Symptoms: Fever, joint pain, headache, muscle pain, rash. Vaccine: No vaccine available

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Measles

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Common Symptoms: High fever, cough, runny nose, red eyes, and rash. Vaccine: MMR (Measles-Mumps-Rubella)

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Scarlet Fever

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Common Symptoms: Red rash that feels like sandpaper, fever, sore throat. Vaccine: No vaccine available

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Dengue Fever

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Common Symptoms: High fever, severe headache, pain behind the eyes, joint and muscle pain. Vaccine: Dengue vaccine (Dengvaxia), with restrictions

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Rubella

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Common Symptoms: Rash, fever, swollen lymph nodes, cold symptoms. Vaccine: MMR (Measles-Mumps-Rubella)

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Tuberculosis (TB)

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Common Symptoms: Persistent cough, weight loss, night sweats, fever. Vaccine: BCG vaccine (not widely used in the United States)

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Pertussis (Whooping Cough)

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Common Symptoms: Severe coughing fits, whooping sound, vomiting after coughing. Vaccine: DTaP (Diphtheria, Tetanus, acellular Pertussis)

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Rotavirus

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Common Symptoms: Severe diarrhea, vomiting, fever, abdominal pain. Vaccine: Rotavirus vaccine (RV1 or RV5)

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Hepatitis A

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Common Symptoms: Fatigue, jaundice, stomach pain, nausea. Vaccine: Hepatitis A vaccine

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Polio

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Common Symptoms: May initially present with flu-like symptoms, can lead to paralysis. Vaccine: IPV (Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine)

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Norovirus

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Common Symptoms: Diarrhea, vomiting, nausea, stomach pain. Vaccine: No vaccine available

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Hepatitis B

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Common Symptoms: Fever, joint pain, dark urine, jaundice. Vaccine: Hepatitis B vaccine

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Meningococcal Disease

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Common Symptoms: Fever, headache, stiff neck, nausea. Vaccine: MenACWY and MenB vaccines

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Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease

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Common Symptoms: Sores in the mouth, rash on hands and feet, fever. Vaccine: No vaccine available

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