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Pediatric Infectious Diseases
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Pneumococcal Disease
Common Symptoms: Pneumonia, meningitis, otitis media, sepsis. Vaccine: PCV13 (Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine)
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)
Common Symptoms: Runny nose, decrease in appetite, coughing, sneezing. Vaccine: No vaccine available, but prophylaxis with palivizumab recommended for high-risk infants
Lyme Disease
Common Symptoms: Erythema migrans rash, fever, chills, headache, fatigue. Vaccine: No vaccine available
Tetanus
Common Symptoms: Stiffness in neck and abdominal muscles, difficulty swallowing, muscle spasms. Vaccine: DTaP (Diphtheria, Tetanus, acellular Pertussis)
Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
Common Symptoms: Often asymptomatic, can cause genital warts or cervical cancer. Vaccine: HPV vaccine
Zika Virus
Common Symptoms: Fever, rash, joint pain, conjunctivitis. Vaccine: No vaccine available
Influenza
Common Symptoms: Fever, cough, sore throat, body aches, fatigue. Vaccine: Seasonal influenza vaccine
Fifth Disease
Common Symptoms: 'Slapped cheek' rash, mild fever, upper respiratory symptoms. Vaccine: No vaccine available
Roseola
Common Symptoms: Sudden high fever followed by a pinkish-red flat or raised rash. Vaccine: No vaccine available
Ebola Virus Disease
Common Symptoms: Fever, headache, muscle pain, vomiting, diarrhea. Vaccine: Ebola vaccine (Ervebo)
Mumps
Common Symptoms: Swollen salivary glands, fever, headache, muscle aches, tiredness, loss of appetite. Vaccine: MMR (Measles-Mumps-Rubella)
Varicella (Chickenpox)
Common Symptoms: Itchy rash, fever, tiredness, loss of appetite. Vaccine: Varicella vaccine
Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib)
Common Symptoms: Meningitis, pneumonia, epiglottitis, sepsis. Vaccine: Hib vaccine
Diphtheria
Common Symptoms: Sore throat, fever, swollen glands, weakness. Vaccine: DTaP (Diphtheria, Tetanus, acellular Pertussis)
Rotavirus
Common Symptoms: Fever, diarrhea, vomiting. Vaccine: Rotavirus vaccines (RotaTeq and Rotarix)
Chikungunya
Common Symptoms: Fever, joint pain, headache, muscle pain, rash. Vaccine: No vaccine available
Measles
Common Symptoms: High fever, cough, runny nose, red eyes, and rash. Vaccine: MMR (Measles-Mumps-Rubella)
Scarlet Fever
Common Symptoms: Red rash that feels like sandpaper, fever, sore throat. Vaccine: No vaccine available
Dengue Fever
Common Symptoms: High fever, severe headache, pain behind the eyes, joint and muscle pain. Vaccine: Dengue vaccine (Dengvaxia), with restrictions
Rubella
Common Symptoms: Rash, fever, swollen lymph nodes, cold symptoms. Vaccine: MMR (Measles-Mumps-Rubella)
Tuberculosis (TB)
Common Symptoms: Persistent cough, weight loss, night sweats, fever. Vaccine: BCG vaccine (not widely used in the United States)
Pertussis (Whooping Cough)
Common Symptoms: Severe coughing fits, whooping sound, vomiting after coughing. Vaccine: DTaP (Diphtheria, Tetanus, acellular Pertussis)
Rotavirus
Common Symptoms: Severe diarrhea, vomiting, fever, abdominal pain. Vaccine: Rotavirus vaccine (RV1 or RV5)
Hepatitis A
Common Symptoms: Fatigue, jaundice, stomach pain, nausea. Vaccine: Hepatitis A vaccine
Polio
Common Symptoms: May initially present with flu-like symptoms, can lead to paralysis. Vaccine: IPV (Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine)
Norovirus
Common Symptoms: Diarrhea, vomiting, nausea, stomach pain. Vaccine: No vaccine available
Hepatitis B
Common Symptoms: Fever, joint pain, dark urine, jaundice. Vaccine: Hepatitis B vaccine
Meningococcal Disease
Common Symptoms: Fever, headache, stiff neck, nausea. Vaccine: MenACWY and MenB vaccines
Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease
Common Symptoms: Sores in the mouth, rash on hands and feet, fever. Vaccine: No vaccine available
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