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Purpose: To detect skin cancer by visually and physically examining the skin. Method: A thorough inspection of the skin for moles, birthmarks, or other abnormal lesions.

Purpose: To screen for cervical cancer. Method: Cells are gently scraped from the cervix and examined under a microscope.

Purpose: To screen for and diagnose breast cancer. Method: X-ray images of the breast are taken to detect abnormal growths or changes in breast tissue.

Purpose: To diagnose colorectal cancer. Method: Barium sulfate is infused into the colon via the rectum, and X-rays are taken to outline the colon and rectum.

Purpose: To evaluate the overall health and detect a variety of diseases and conditions, including cancer. Method: Blood is drawn from a vein, typically in the arm, and the different blood cells are counted and examined.

Purpose: To screen for and monitor prostate cancer. Method: A blood sample is analyzed for the level of PSA, a protein produced by the prostate gland.

Purpose: To help diagnose and monitor cancer by measuring the levels of substances linked to certain types of cancer. Method: Blood, urine, or tissue is tested for the presence of tumor markers.

Purpose: To screen for and detect colorectal cancer. Method: A long, flexible tube with a camera is inserted into the rectum to examine the colon.

Purpose: To detect thyroid cancer by measuring the levels of thyroid hormones. Method: Blood is drawn and analyzed for levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and other thyroid hormones.

Purpose: To detect cancer and see if it has spread. Method: Uses a radioactive sugar injected into the body, which cancer cells absorb more than normal cells, and is detected by the scanner.

Purpose: To detect lung cancer and check whether cancer has spread to the lungs. Method: Uses a small amount of radiation to produce images of the chest.

Purpose: To diagnose cancer by examining tissue under a microscope. Method: A sample of cells or tissue is removed from the body and analyzed in a lab.

Purpose: To create detailed images of the body's organs and tissues. Method: Uses powerful magnets and radio wave energy to make images.

Purpose: To image the body's internal organs using sound waves. Method: A transducer is passed over the body, emitting sound waves that bounce back to create images.

Purpose: To check if cancer has spread to the lymph nodes. Method: Lymph nodes are removed and examined for cancer cells.

Purpose: To create detailed cross-sectional images of the body to help diagnose cancer. Method: Uses a combination of X-rays and computer technology to produce images.

Purpose: To screen for HPV, which can lead to cervical and other types of cancer. Method: Cells taken from the cervix are tested for the virus.

Purpose: To view and diagnose cancers of the digestive tract. Method: A flexible tube with a camera is inserted through the mouth or rectum to visualize the digestive tract.

Purpose: To detect whether cancer has metastasized to bones. Method: A radioactive tracer is injected, and its uptake in bones is imaged by a scanner.