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Use: Various cancers including leukemia, lymphoma, and breast cancer Mechanism of Action: Interferes with DNA and RNA synthesis by intercalating between DNA base pairs Common Side Effects: Cardiotoxicity, myelosuppression, alopecia

Use: Colorectal and other gastrointestinal cancers Mechanism of Action: Inhibits thymidylate synthase, disrupting DNA synthesis Common Side Effects: Myelosuppression, diarrhea, mucositis

Use: Leukemia, breast, and lung cancers Mechanism of Action: Inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, leading to reduced DNA synthesis Common Side Effects: Myelosuppression, mucositis, hepatotoxicity

Use: Acute lymphocytic leukemia, Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma Mechanism of Action: Vinca alkaloid that inhibits microtubule formation Common Side Effects: Peripheral neuropathy, constipation, myelosuppression

Use: Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) Mechanism of Action: Tyrosine kinase inhibitor, inhibits BCR-ABL oncoprotein Common Side Effects: Edema, nausea, muscle cramps

Use: Breast, ovarian, and lung cancers Mechanism of Action: Stabilizes microtubules, preventing cell division Common Side Effects: Neuropathy, myelosuppression, hypersensitivity reactions

Use: Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia Mechanism of Action: Monoclonal antibody targeting CD20 on B cells Common Side Effects: Infusion reactions, infections, myelosuppression

Use: Estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer Mechanism of Action: Selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) Common Side Effects: Hot flashes, increased risk of thromboembolism, endometrial cancer

Use: Colorectal cancer, non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer Mechanism of Action: Monoclonal antibody against VEGF, inhibiting angiogenesis Common Side Effects: Hypertension, proteinuria, hemorrhage

Use: Testicular, bladder, and lung cancers Mechanism of Action: Forms DNA adducts, leading to apoptosis Common Side Effects: Nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, ototoxicity

Use: Lymphoma, leukemia, and breast cancer Mechanism of Action: Alkylating agent causing DNA crosslinking Common Side Effects: Hemorrhagic cystitis, myelosuppression, alopecia

Use: HER2-overexpressing breast cancer Mechanism of Action: Monoclonal antibody targeting HER2 receptor Common Side Effects: Cardiotoxicity, flu-like symptoms, infusion reactions

Use: Ovarian, lung, head, and neck cancers Mechanism of Action: Alkylating-like, forms DNA crosslinks Common Side Effects: Myelosuppression, nausea/vomiting, nephrotoxicity

Use: Testicular cancer, Hodgkin's lymphoma Mechanism of Action: Induces DNA breaks via free radical generation Common Side Effects: Pulmonary toxicity, skin changes, fever

Use: Melanoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma Mechanism of Action: Alkylating agent, forms DNA adducts Common Side Effects: Myelosuppression, nausea/vomiting, hepatotoxicity

Use: Melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer Mechanism of Action: PD-1 inhibitor that enhances T-cell response against cancer cells Common Side Effects: Fatigue, pruritus, immune-related adverse effects

Use: Multiple myeloma, mantle cell lymphoma Mechanism of Action: Proteasome inhibitor, leads to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis Common Side Effects: Peripheral neuropathy, myelosuppression, gastrointestinal toxicity

Use: Gastric and pancreatic cancers Mechanism of Action: Alkylates and crosslinks DNA, inhibiting DNA synthesis Common Side Effects: Myelosuppression, nausea/vomiting, renal toxicity

Use: Testicular cancer, sarcomas Mechanism of Action: Alkylating agent that forms DNA crosslinks Common Side Effects: Hemorrhagic cystitis, neurotoxicity, myelosuppression

Use: Testicular cancer, small cell lung cancer Mechanism of Action: Topoisomerase II inhibitor, leading to DNA strand breaks Common Side Effects: Myelosuppression, alopecia, gastrointestinal toxicity

Use: Colorectal cancer Mechanism of Action: Topoisomerase I inhibitor, prevents DNA relegation Common Side Effects: Diarrhea, neutropenia, alopecia

Use: Brain tumors, Hodgkin's lymphoma Mechanism of Action: Alkylates DNA, leading to DNA breaks Common Side Effects: Myelosuppression, nausea/vomiting, renal toxicity

Use: Pancreatic, breast, and bladder cancers Mechanism of Action: Pyrimidine analog, inhibits DNA synthesis Common Side Effects: Myelosuppression, flu-like symptoms, elevated liver enzymes

Use: Non-small cell lung cancers with ALK or ROS1 genetic alterations Mechanism of Action: Inhibits ALK and ROS1 tyrosine kinases Common Side Effects: Visual disturbances, GI upset, liver enzyme elevation

Use: Colorectal cancer, head and neck cancers Mechanism of Action: Monoclonal antibody against EGFR, inhibiting cell proliferation Common Side Effects: Skin rash, hypomagnesemia, infusion reactions

Use: Ovarian, cervical, and small cell lung cancers Mechanism of Action: Topoisomerase I inhibitor, causing DNA damage Common Side Effects: Myelosuppression, diarrhea, alopecia

Use: Metastatic colorectal cancer Mechanism of Action: Inhibits topoisomerase I, preventing DNA relegation Common Side Effects: Diarrhea, myelosuppression, alopecia

Use: Colorectal, breast, and pancreatic cancers Mechanism of Action: Thymidylate synthase inhibitor, interfering with DNA synthesis Common Side Effects: Myelosuppression, mucositis, diarrhea

Use: Multiple myeloma Mechanism of Action: Immunomodulatory, anti-angiogenic, and pro-apoptotic activities Common Side Effects: Peripheral neuropathy, somnolence, thromboembolism

Use: Chronic myeloid leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia Mechanism of Action: Tyrosine kinase inhibitor of BCR-ABL and SRC family kinases Common Side Effects: Myelosuppression, fluid retention, diarrhea

Use: Multiple myeloma, myelodysplastic syndromes Mechanism of Action: Immunomodulatory, anti-angiogenic, and anti-neoplastic properties Common Side Effects: Myelosuppression, diarrhea, rash

Use: Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) Mechanism of Action: Binds to retinoic acid receptors, inducing differentiation Common Side Effects: Retinoic acid syndrome, differentiation syndrome, skin changes

Use: BRCA-mutated ovarian cancer Mechanism of Action: PARP inhibitor, impairs DNA damage repair Common Side Effects: Nausea, fatigue, anemia

Use: Colorectal and breast cancers Mechanism of Action: Prodrug that is metabolically activated to 5-FU Common Side Effects: Hand-foot syndrome, diarrhea, myelosuppression

Use: Renal cell carcinoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumor Mechanism of Action: Tyrosine kinase inhibitor of multiple receptors including VEGF Common Side Effects: Fatigue, hypertension, hand-foot syndrome

Use: Malignant pleural mesothelioma, non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer Mechanism of Action: Antifolate, inhibits multiple enzymes in folate pathways Common Side Effects: Myelosuppression, rash, mucositis