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Tumor Markers
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PSA
Prostate Cancer; PSA is used to screen for and monitor prostate cancer.
Progestogen Receptor (PR)
Breast Cancer; PR status is used to understand hormone sensitivity in breast cancer.
CA 19-9
Pancreatic Cancer; CA 19-9 can be used to monitor treatment progress and disease recurrence.
KRAS
Colorectal Cancer; KRAS mutations influence response to certain cancer therapies.
HER2
Breast Cancer; HER2 is an important prognostic and predictive marker.
Des-gamma-carboxyprothrombin (DCP)
Liver Cancer; DCP is an abnormal prothrombin associated with hepatocellular carcinoma.
hCG
Gestational Trophoblastic Disease; hCG is a marker used in diagnosing and monitoring treatment.
Estrogen Receptor (ER)
Breast Cancer; ER status can dictate hormone therapy in breast cancer treatment.
Immunoglobulins
Multiple Myeloma; Abnormally high or low levels of immunoglobulins can indicate multiple myeloma or other conditions.
ALK
Lung Cancer; ALK rearrangements are important for targeted therapy decision.
Thyroglobulin
Thyroid Cancer; Used to detect and monitor the recurrence of thyroid cancer.
NMP22
Bladder Cancer; NMP22 is a marker to diagnose and monitor bladder cancer.
UroVysion (FISH)
Bladder Cancer; UroVysion uses fluorescence in situ hybridization to detect bladder cancer cells.
S-100
Melanoma; S-100 is a protein marker used in diagnosing and monitoring melanoma.
Beta-2 Microglobulin (B2M)
Multiple Myeloma; B2M can be used to prognosis and monitor treatment effects.
CA-125
Ovarian Cancer; CA-125 can indicate the presence of ovarian cancer, especially in postmenopausal women.
BRAF V600E
Melanoma; BRAF mutations are significant for targeted therapy in melanoma.
CD20
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; CD20 is a marker used to identify and treat certain lymphomas.
CA-27.29
Breast Cancer; CA-27.29 can monitor treatment and recurrence in breast cancer.
AFP
Liver Cancer; AFP is a marker for hepatocellular carcinoma and testicular cancer.
BCR-ABL
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia; BCR-ABL is a genetic marker for this leukemia type.
EGFR
Lung Cancer; Mutations in EGFR are critical for selecting targeted therapies.
ProGRP
Small Cell Lung Cancer; ProGRP can help distinguish SCLC from other lung cancers.
CD117 (c-KIT)
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors; CD117 is a marker that suggests the presence of GISTs.
CA 15-3
Breast Cancer; CA 15-3 can be used to monitor the course of disease in breast cancer patients.
Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH)
Many Cancers; LDH levels can indicate tissue damage and tumor burden.
MUC1
Breast and Pancreatic Cancer; MUC1 is a mucin protein elevated in certain adenocarcinomas.
CEA
Colorectal Cancer; CEA is used to monitor treatment and recurrence in colorectal cancer.
CD30
Hodgkin Lymphoma; CD30 is a marker found on Reed-Sternberg cells characteristic of Hodgkin lymphoma.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen (SCC)
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck; SCC antigen levels can assist in monitoring treatment response.
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