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A cyst that forms from a persistent thyroglossal duct. Symptoms may include a midline neck mass that moves with swallowing. Standard treatment is surgical removal via the Sistrunk procedure.

A set of abnormalities involving a smaller lower jaw, a tongue that falls back in the throat, and difficulty breathing. Treatment may involve procedures to prevent the tongue from obstructing the airway, and in severe cases, surgical jaw correction.

A blockage of the tear duct leading to excessive tearing and recurrent eye infections. Symptoms include tearing, mucous discharge, and conjunctivitis. Treatment can include massage, probing, or dacryocystorhinostomy.

Immobility of one or both vocal cords, possibly due to nerve damage during birth. Symptoms include a hoarse cry, breathing difficulties, and swallowing problems. Treatment might include speech therapy and in severe cases, tracheostomy or vocal cord surgery.

Fluid accumulation in the middle ear without signs of infection. Symptoms might include hearing difficulties and a feeling of fullness in the ear. Treatment can include observation, hearing aids, or tympanostomy tubes.

A thin layer of tissue that forms across the larynx and can obstruct the airway leading to breathing and voice issues. Treatments often involve surgical removal of the web and may require tracheostomy in severe cases.

A congenital deformity where the external ear is underdeveloped. Symptoms can include a misshapen or absent ear and possible hearing loss. Treatment can involve reconstructive surgery and addressing hearing impairment.

Blockage of the nasal passage that can affect one or both nostrils. Possible symptoms include difficulty breathing, especially when feeding. Treatment generally involves surgery to open the nasal passage.

A condition commonly known as 'tongue-tie' where the lingual frenulum is too short, limiting tongue movement. Symptoms may include difficulty with breastfeeding, speech impediments, and oral hygiene issues. Treatment can involve a frenotomy or frenuloplasty.

A congenital cystic formation that can cause a sinus tract from the nasal dorsum to the intracranial space. Symptoms may include a nasal pit or mass, and potentially infection. Treatment usually involves surgical removal.

Malformations or disruptions of the ossicular chain in the middle ear that affect sound conduction. Symptoms include conductive hearing loss. Treatment can involve reconstructive surgery and hearing aids.

A genetic disorder characterized by craniofacial deformities. Symptoms include underdeveloped facial bones, cleft palate, and hearing loss. Treatment involves reconstructive surgery, dental care, and hearing aids or other auditory support.

A congenital softening of the tissues of the larynx above the vocal cords, leading to their collapse during inhalation and causing noisy breathing. Symptoms include stridor, feeding difficulties, and poor weight gain. Observation is the mainstay, with surgery indicated for severe cases.

Abnormalities due to incomplete closure of the branchial apparatus during development. Symptoms can include neck masses, sinus openings, or recurrent infections. Treatment typically involves surgical removal of the abnormal tissue.

A condition where the head is tilted due to shortening or excessive contraction of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. Symptoms include a noticeable head tilt and limited neck movements. Treatment typically involves physical therapy and stretching exercises.

A dilation of the vestibular aqueduct that affects hearing and balance. Possible symptoms include hearing loss that can fluctuate or progressively worsen, and balance disturbances. Treatment may include hearing aids or cochlear implants.

An abnormally large tongue that can lead to difficulties with feeding, speech, and sometimes breathing. Management may involve speech therapy and in severe cases, reduction surgery.

A split or opening in the upper lip and/or the roof of the mouth that affects speech and eating. Possible symptoms include feeding difficulties, speech problems, and ear infections. Standard treatment involves surgery, speech therapy, and possibly orthodontic care.

Hearing impairment present at birth due to genetic causes, infections or other factors. Symptoms include lack of response to sound and delayed language development. Treatment may include hearing aids, cochlear implants, and educational interventions.