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Hearing Loss Types and Causes
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Neural hearing loss
Hearing loss due to a problem in the nerve pathways from the inner ear to the brain (auditory neuropathy).
Genetic hearing loss
Hearing loss inherited from one's parents, caused by genetic mutations or abnormalities.
Age-related hearing loss (Presbycusis)
Gradual hearing loss that occurs as people get older, typically affecting both ears equally.
Functional hearing loss
Hearing loss where there is no physical cause; psychological or emotional factors are responsible for the hearing impairment.
Drug-induced hearing loss
Hearing loss caused or exacerbated by pharmaceutical drugs, particularly those that are ototoxic.
Idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss
A rapid onset of sensorineural hearing loss with no identifiable cause despite thorough evaluation.
Conductive hearing loss
Hearing loss caused by problems with the ear canal, eardrum, or middle ear and its little bones (the malleus, incus, and stapes).
Sudden hearing loss
A rapid loss of hearing, typically in one ear, that may happen instantly or over a few days.
Central hearing loss
Hearing loss related to problems with the central nervous system, affecting the processing of sound within the brain.
Sensorineural hearing loss
Hearing loss caused by damage to the inner ear or the nerve pathways from the inner ear to the brain.
Tumor-related hearing loss
Hearing loss caused by tumors such as acoustic neuroma or cholesteatoma which can affect auditory structures.
Meniere's disease
A disorder of the inner ear that can lead to dizzy spells (vertigo) and hearing loss.
Birth-related hearing loss
Hearing loss in infants which may be due to genetic factors, birth complications, or infections.
Bilateral hearing loss
Hearing loss that occurs in both ears.
Ototoxic chemical exposure
Hearing loss caused by exposure to chemicals that can damage the ear or the nerve supply to the ear.
Occupational hearing loss
Hearing loss resulting from exposure to harmful noise or ototoxic chemicals while on the job.
Mixed hearing loss
A combination of conductive hearing loss and sensorineural hearing loss, meaning there may be damage in the outer or middle ear and in the inner ear (cochlea) or auditory nerve.
Unilateral hearing loss
Hearing loss that occurs in only one ear; also known as single-sided deafness.
Autoimmune hearing loss
Hearing loss caused by the immune system attacking the inner ear or the auditory nerve.
Noise-induced hearing loss
Hearing loss caused by exposure to loud sounds, either very loud impulse sound(s) or repeated exposure to sounds at various loudness levels over an extended period of time.
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