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Symptoms: Weight loss, anxiety, palpitations. Diagnosis: TSH test, T3 and T4 level tests. Treatment: Anti-thyroid drugs, radioactive iodine, surgery.

Symptoms: Fatigue, weight gain, cold intolerance. Diagnosis: TSH test, T4 level test. Treatment: Levothyroxine.

Symptoms: Visible enlargement of the thyroid, possible difficulty swallowing or breathing. Diagnosis: Physical examination, ultrasound. Treatment: Observation, iodine supplementation, surgery.

Symptoms: Neck pain, fever, hyperthyroidism followed by hypothyroidism. Diagnosis: Blood tests, ultrasound. Treatment: Beta-blockers, NSAIDs, thyroid hormone replacement.

Symptoms: Severe tachycardia, fever, delirium. Diagnosis: Clinical presentation, supporting blood tests. Treatment: Beta-blockers, anti-thyroid drugs, supportive care.

Symptoms: Goiter, exophthalmos, pretibial myxedema. Diagnosis: TSI antibodies test, thyroid scan. Treatment: Beta-blockers, anti-thyroid drugs, radioactive iodine therapy.

Symptoms: Severe hypothyroidism, hypothermia, unconsciousness. Diagnosis: Clinical presentation, thyroid function tests. Treatment: ICU support, intravenous thyroid hormone.

Symptoms: Often asymptomatic, may have mild symptoms of hypothyroidism. Diagnosis: Elevated TSH with normal free T4. Treatment: Close monitoring, possible thyroid hormone replacement.

Symptoms: Often asymptomatic, can cause pain or difficulty swallowing if large. Diagnosis: Ultrasound, fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Treatment: Observation, radioactive iodine, surgery.

Symptoms: Fatigue, weight gain, hair loss. Diagnosis: Antibody tests (e.g., anti-TPO), TSH test. Treatment: Thyroid hormone replacement.

Symptoms: Often asymptomatic, possible mild symptoms of hyperthyroidism. Diagnosis: Suppressed TSH with normal free T3 and T4. Treatment: Observation, antithyroid drugs, or radioactive iodine in select cases.

Symptoms: Fatigue, mood swings, mild hyperthyroidism followed by hypothyroidism. Diagnosis: Blood tests. Treatment: Beta-blockers, thyroid hormone replacement.

Symptoms: Lump in the neck, hoarseness, neck pain. Diagnosis: Ultrasound, fine-needle aspiration biopsy, imaging tests. Treatment: Surgery, radioactive iodine, TSH suppression therapy.

Symptoms: Hard, painless thyroid enlargement, possible compression symptoms. Diagnosis: Imaging studies, biopsy. Treatment: Corticosteroids, tamoxifen, surgery.

Symptoms: Transient hyperthyroidism followed by hypothyroidism, often asymptomatic. Diagnosis: Thyroid function tests, antibody testing. Treatment: Usually self-limited; may require beta-blockers or thyroid hormone replacement.

Symptoms: Painful thyroid gland, fever, symptoms of hyperthyroidism followed by hypothyroidism. Diagnosis: Elevated ESR, thyroid function tests. Treatment: NSAIDs, beta-blockers, corticosteroids.

Symptoms: Variable, could be asymptomatic or manifest symptoms of hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism. Diagnosis: Elevated free thyroid hormones with non-suppressed TSH. Treatment: Tailored to individual symptoms; may include beta-blockers or thyroid hormone replacement.

Symptoms: Hyperthyroidism, irregular heartbeat, enlarged thyroid. Diagnosis: Thyroid function tests, imaging studies. Treatment: Anti-thyroid drugs, radioactive iodine, surgery.

Symptoms: Goiter, hypothyroidism, developmental problems in children. Diagnosis: Urinary iodine levels, thyroid function tests. Treatment: Iodine supplementation.