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Diagnostic Tools in Otolaryngology

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Acoustic Reflex Testing

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Purpose: To assess the reflex pathway of the middle ear muscles. Description: Acoustic reflex testing measures the contraction of the middle ear muscles in response to loud sounds, providing information on the integrity of the auditory pathway up to the brainstem.

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Polysomnography (Sleep Study)

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Purpose: To diagnose sleep disorders. Description: Polysomnography records various physiological parameters during sleep, such as brain waves, oxygen levels, and heart rate, to diagnose conditions like sleep apnea.

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Speech Audiometry

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Purpose: To measure comprehension and clarity of speech. Description: Speech audiometry tests use recorded or live speech to measure a patient's ability to hear and understand words and sentences, which can help pinpoint the degree and type of hearing loss.

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Computed Tomography (CT) of the Sinuses

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Purpose: To produce detailed images of the sinus anatomy. Description: CT scans of the sinuses use X-ray technology to create cross-sectional images that help identify issues like sinusitis, polyps, and anatomical variations.

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Laryngoscopy

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Purpose: To examine the larynx (voice box). Description: A laryngoscopy involves the insertion of a laryngoscope to obtain a view of the throat and larynx, which can help diagnose issues such as vocal cord nodules, tumors or other abnormalities.

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Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials (VEMP)

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Purpose: To assess the function of the vestibular (balance) system. Description: VEMP testing measures the reflexive muscle contractions that result from sound stimulation, which provides information on the health of the vestibular pathways and inner ear.

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Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the Ear

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Purpose: To provide detailed images of the ear's structures. Description: MRI uses magnetic fields and radio waves to create detailed images of the inner ear and surrounding areas, which can be useful in diagnosing tumors, hearing loss, and other abnormalities.

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Otoacoustic Emissions (OAEs)

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Purpose: To test the function of the cochlea in the inner ear. Description: OAE testing uses a small probe fitted into the ear canal to produce sounds and measure the echo produced by the cochlear outer hair cells, indicating cochlear health.

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Allergy Testing (Skin Prick Test)

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Purpose: To identify specific allergies. Description: The skin prick test introduces tiny amounts of allergens into the skin to observe for reactions, helping to diagnose allergic rhinitis or other allergic conditions.

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Nasal Endoscopy

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Purpose: To visualize the internal nasal passages and sinuses. Description: A nasal endoscope is a thin, flexible tube with a camera and light that is inserted into the nostrils, providing a view of the nasal structures and any potential abnormalities.

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Voice Analysis

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Purpose: To evaluate the qualities of a person's voice. Description: Voice analysis is performed using specialized software to analyze pitch, volume, and quality, which can help in diagnosing vocal cord problems or monitoring the effects of voice therapy.

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Tympanometry

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Purpose: To evaluate the function of the middle ear. Description: Tympanometry measures the movement of the eardrum in response to changes in air pressure, helping to diagnose issues such as fluid behind the eardrum or eustachian tube dysfunction.

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Audiometry

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Purpose: To measure hearing acuity. Description: Audiometry tests are conducted in a sound-treated room using an audiometer, which produces tones at various frequencies and loudness levels to assess a person's hearing threshold.

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Sialendoscopy

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Purpose: To examine and treat the salivary glands. Description: Sialendoscopy uses a tiny camera inserted into the salivary ducts to visualize and address issues like salivary stones or stenosis within the duct.

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Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan of the Head and Neck

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Purpose: To detect cancerous growths and their metabolic activity. Description: PET scans involve the use of a radioactive tracer to visualize active metabolism in tissues, often used to detect and stage cancers of the head and neck.

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