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Facial Trauma and Management

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Frontal Bone Fracture

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Initial management: Stabilize patient, assess for brain injury. Potential complications: Frontal sinus infection, mucocele. Treatment strategies: Dural repair, sinus obliteration.

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Burns to the Face

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Initial management: Cool the burn, assess airway. Potential complications: Scarring, contractures. Treatment strategies: Wound care, reconstructive procedures.

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Temporal Bone Fracture

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Initial management: Assess for cerebrospinal fluid leak, hearing loss. Potential complications: Facial nerve paralysis, CSF otorrhea. Treatment strategies: Steroid therapy, surgical intervention.

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Zygomatic Complex Fracture

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Initial management: Apply ice, assess ocular function. Potential complications: Diplopia, infraorbital nerve damage. Treatment strategies: Elevation of zygoma, orbital reconstruction.

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Maxillary Fracture (Le Fort Fractures)

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Initial management: Maintain airway, minimize movement. Potential complications: Malocclusion, CSF leak. Treatment strategies: Intermaxillary fixation, reconstructive surgery.

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Soft Tissue Laceration

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Initial management: Clean wound, control bleeding. Potential complications: Infection, scarring. Treatment strategies: Suturing, infection prophylaxis.

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Corneal Abrasion

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Initial management: Eye irrigation, pain control. Potential complications: Infection, visual impairment. Treatment strategies: Antibiotic drops, patching the eye.

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Nasal Bone Fracture

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Initial management: Control bleeding, reduce swelling. Potential complications: Septal hematoma, nasal obstruction. Treatment strategies: Closed reduction, rhinoplasty.

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Orbital Fracture

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Initial management: Cold compresses, analgesia. Potential complications: Enophthalmos, impaired eye movement. Treatment strategies: Observation, surgical repair.

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Laryngeal Trauma

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Initial management: Secure airway, reduce edema. Potential complications: Airway obstruction, voice changes. Treatment strategies: Voice rest, surgical repair.

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Auricular Hematoma

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Initial management: Aspiration, compression dressing. Potential complications: 'Cauliflower ear', infection. Treatment strategies: Incision and drainage, bolster dressing.

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Penetrating Facial Injury

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Initial management: Airway stabilization, control bleeding. Potential complications: Infection, nerve damage. Treatment strategies: Surgical exploration, repair of structures.

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Eyelid Injury

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Initial management: Protect eye, assess vision. Potential complications: Lid malposition, lacrimal system damage. Treatment strategies: Suturing, reconstructive surgery.

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Mandibular Fracture

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Initial management: Immobilize jaw, ensure airway patency. Potential complications: Malocclusion, infection. Treatment strategies: Intermaxillary fixation, plate fixation.

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Dental Trauma

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Initial management: Replant avulsed teeth, control bleeding. Potential complications: Tooth loss, infection. Treatment strategies: Splinting, root canal therapy.

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