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Brain Structures

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Hippocampus

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Critical for the formation of new memories and is involved in learning and emotions.

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Amygdala

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Involved in emotion regulation, especially fear and aggression, and forming emotional memories.

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Prefrontal Cortex

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Involved in complex behaviors such as planning, decision making, problem-solving, self-control, and social interaction.

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Cerebellum

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Regulates motor movements, posture, balance, coordination, and has some role in cognition and language.

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Hypothalamus

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Regulates basic bodily functions such as hunger, thirst, temperature, and circadian rhythms; also linked to emotion.

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Medulla Oblongata

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Controls autonomic functions such as breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure.

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Broca's Area

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Involved in language processing, speech production, and comprehension.

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Wernicke's Area

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Involved in understanding spoken language and is associated with the development of meaningful speech.

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Basal Ganglia

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Involved in the control of voluntary motor movements, procedural learning, habit learning, eye movements, and cognition.

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Thalamus

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Acts as the brain's relay center, responsible for transmitting information from the sensory receptors to the cerebral cortex.

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Corpus Callosum

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A broad band of nerve fibers that connects the left and right cerebral hemispheres, allowing for communication between them.

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Occipital Lobe

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Responsible for visual processing and interpretation, including color, form, and motion.

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Parietal Lobe

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Processes sensory information, particularly spatial sense and navigation (proprioception), and is involved in signal integration.

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Frontal Lobe

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Involved in motor function, problem solving, spontaneity, memory, language, initiation, judgement, impulse control, and social and sexual behavior.

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Temporal Lobe

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Responsible for the processing of auditory information and is also important for the processing of semantics in both speech and vision.

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