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Systematic Desensitization Steps
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Flashcards
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Step 1: Training in Relaxation Techniques
In this initial phase, the therapist teaches the individual how to relax muscles and calm the mind. The purpose is to prepare the client to face anxiety-triggering stimuli while maintaining a state of relaxation.
Step 2: Creation of an Anxiety Hierarchy
The individual lists stimuli or situations related to the phobia from least to most frightening. This hierarchy structures the progressive exposure and measures progress.
Step 3: Pairing Relaxation with the Anxiety Hierarchy
Starting with the least anxiety-provoking stimulus, the person practices the learned relaxation techniques. This step forms the core of counter-conditioning, where an anxious response is replaced with a relaxation response.
Step 4: Gradual Exposure to the Anxious Situations
The therapist gradually exposes the individual to the feared stimuli, following the hierarchy, while ensuring the relaxation response is maintained. This process diminishes the phobic reaction over time.
Step 5: Cognitive Reappraisal
The individual learns to identify and challenge irrational thoughts that contribute to the phobic response. The purpose is to facilitate a cognitive shift towards a more rational perspective.
Step 6: Real-life Exposure
Once the individual is comfortable with imaginary exposure, real-life exposure begins. The purpose is to transfer the gains from therapy into everyday situations.
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