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A linear dominance hierarchy typically found in wolf packs and some primates.

A complex social structure in which there is a division of labor and cooperative breeding, as seen in bees, ants, and termites.

A type of society where the size and composition of the social group change throughout the year, such as in chimpanzees and dolphins.

Social systems in which ancestry and inheritance are traced through the mother, prevalent in bonobos and spotted hyenas.

The defense of a bounded physical space against encroachment by other individuals, observed in many bird and mammal species.

A behavior where individuals work together to catch prey, which increases their hunting success; examples include lions and orca whales.

A type of natural selection that favors the reproductive success of an organism's relatives, even at a cost to the organism's own survival and reproduction.

Interactions between two different species that live in close physical proximity, such as mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism.

Behavioral patterns used to establish dominance in a social group, often seen in gorillas and other primates.

The large-scale movement of a group of animals from one location to another; notable among wildebeests and monarch butterflies.

A strategy in which an individual manipulates a host to raise its offspring, exemplified by cuckoos laying eggs in the nests of other birds.

An activity that strengthens social bonds and group cohesion, typically found in primates like macaques and capuchin monkeys.

Vocalizations or other signals that alert conspecifics to the presence of a threat; common in meerkats and prairie dogs.

Mating systems where an individual has multiple mates; polygyny seen in elephant seals, polyandry in some bird species.

A type of polygynous mating system where males control access to multiple females, often found in ungulates like the red deer.

A behavior that benefits another individual at a cost to oneself, observed in vampire bats sharing blood meals.

Specialization of individuals in certain roles or tasks; highly developed in honeybee societies.

Activities performed by animals that are not directly related to survival or reproduction, such as juvenile crows sliding on snow-covered roofs.

A form of natural selection where individuals with certain inherited characteristics are more likely than other individuals to obtain mates, as seen in the peacock's elaborate tail.

Behavior where a male remains close to a female to ensure mating success, commonly observed in dragonflies and some bird species.

Construction of structures for rearing young or as a part of mating rituals, as exemplified by birds and some fish species.

A form of learning in which a young animal acquires a behavioral pattern from an object, often a parent; seen in ducklings following the first moving object they see.

The use of an object to achieve a goal, such as chimpanzees using sticks to extract termites from mounds.

A mating system in which an individual has only one mate at a time, common in certain bird species and rare in mammals.