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Chromatography Techniques

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Paper Chromatography

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Purpose is to separate small amounts of substances based on their solubility; application includes teaching and demonstrations.

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Normal Phase Chromatography (NPC)

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Purpose is to separate molecules based on polarity; application includes separation of lipids, steroids, and vitamins.

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Hydrophobic Interaction Chromatography (HIC)

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Purpose is to separate proteins based on their hydrophobicity; application includes biochemistry for purifying proteins.

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Size-Exclusion Chromatography (SEC)

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Purpose is to separate based on molecular size; application includes biochemistry for protein purification and sizing.

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Liquid Chromatography (LC)

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Purpose is to separate mixtures with multiple components; application includes pharmaceutical industry for drug purification.

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Flash Chromatography

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Purpose is to purify compounds rapidly; application includes chemistry for quick purification of samples.

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Affinity Chromatography

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Purpose is to purify or concentrate a single substance from a mixture; application includes biotechnology for enzyme purification.

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Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC)

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Purpose is to quickly and cheaply separate compounds; application includes organic chemistry for monitoring reactions.

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Capillary Electrophoresis (CE)

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Though not strictly chromatography, its purpose is to separate ionic compounds by their charge-to-size ratio; application includes biotechnology for DNA separation.

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Gas Chromatography (GC)

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Purpose is to separate volatile compounds; application includes forensics for analyzing substances in crime scenes.

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Reverse Phase Chromatography (RPC)

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Purpose is to separate molecules based on hydrophobicity; application includes analytical chemistry for detecting nonpolar compounds.

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High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)

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Purpose is to separate, identify, and quantify each component in a mixture; application includes food industry for detecting contaminants.

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Chiral Chromatography

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Purpose is to separate enantiomers; application includes pharmaceutical industry for separating optically active isomers.

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Supercritical Fluid Chromatography (SFC)

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Purpose is to separate components that are not easily amenable to GC or HPLC; application includes pharmaceuticals for chiral separations.

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Ion Exchange Chromatography

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Purpose is to separate ions based on their charge; application includes water purification and separation of proteins.

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