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Colored substances mixed with samples in electrophoresis to track the progress of the molecule migration during the run.

An electrophoresis method where samples are separated within a small capillary tube, which allows for high resolution and faster analysis.

A type of electrophoresis where biomolecules are separated by size as they migrate through a gel matrix.

In electrophoresis, it is generated by applying a voltage across the gel, causing molecules to migrate.

The drop in electrical potential per unit distance, controls the speed and efficiency of biomolecule separation in electrophoresis.

A mixture of known DNA fragment sizes used as a standard to estimate the size of DNA fragments in gel electrophoresis.

The pH at which a molecule carries no net electric charge and does not migrate in an electric field, important in isoelectric focusing.

A porous gel matrix used in gel electrophoresis that's ideal for separation of larger DNA fragments.

The negative electrode towards which positively charged particles migrate in electrophoresis.

A laboratory technique used to separate DNA, RNA, or protein based on size, charge, and other physical properties.

The separation mechanism in gel electrophoresis where smaller molecules migrate faster through the gel matrix pores than larger ones.

The positive electrode towards which negatively charged particles migrate in electrophoresis.

SDS Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis, which denatures proteins and gives them a uniform negative charge for size-based separation.

A matrix used in gel electrophoresis suitable for separating small DNA or protein molecules.