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Ancient Military Campaigns

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Alexander the Great's Campaigns

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Years active: 336-323 BCE, Regions conquered: Macedonia, Egypt, Persia, and parts of India, Impact on history: Spread of Hellenistic culture and fusion of Greek and Eastern civilizations.

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The Conquests of Genghis Khan

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Years active: 1206-1227, Regions conquered: China, Central Asia, Middle East, Impact on history: Established the largest contiguous land empire in history, which facilitated trade and cultural exchange along the Silk Road.

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Julius Caesar's Gallic Wars

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Years active: 58-50 BCE, Regions conquered: Gaul (modern France, Belgium, Western Switzerland), Impact on history: Strengthened Caesar's position in Roman politics leading up to his dictatorship.

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Hannibal's Campaigns

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Years active: 218-202 BCE, Regions conquered: Various territories in Spain and Italy, Impact on history: Demonstrated advanced military tactics by crossing the Alps, challenging the Roman Republic during the Second Punic War.

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Qin Shi Huang's Unification of China

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Years active: 230-221 BCE, Regions conquered: The Warring States until the formation of the Qin dynasty, Impact on history: Standardized scripts, currencies, and measures and built much of the Great Wall.

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Cyrus the Great's Expansion of the Achaemenid Empire

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Years active: 559-530 BCE, Regions conquered: Persia, Media, Babylon, Lydia, and parts of Central Asia, Impact on history: Known for his policy of tolerance and respect for other cultures, establishing a template for future empires.

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The Campaigns of Ashoka the Great

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Years active: 268-232 BCE, Regions conquered: Indian subcontinent, Impact on history: After the Kalinga War's mass destruction, he embraced Buddhism and spread its principles through his edicts.

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The Punic Wars

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Years active: 264-146 BCE, Regions conquered: Carthaginian territories by Rome, Impact on history: Solidified Rome's status as the dominant power in the Mediterranean and lead to the Roman Empire.

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The Persian Wars

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Years active: 499-449 BCE, Regions conquered: Greek city-states attempted to defend against Persian invasion, Impact on history: Ensured the survival of Greek culture and set the stage for the rise of Athens and Sparta.

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Peloponnesian War

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Years active: 431-404 BCE, Regions conquered: Not a conquest but a war between Athens and Sparta along with their allies, Impact on history: Led to the destabilization of Greek power and the eventual rise of Macedonian dominance under Philip II.

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The Conquests of Attila the Hun

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Years active: 434-453, Regions conquered: Various territories across the Balkans, Gaul, and Italy, Impact on history: Contributed to the weakening of the Roman Empire and the advent of the Migration Period in Europe.

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The Campaigns of Thutmose III

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Years active: 1479-1425 BCE, Regions conquered: Near East, Nubia, and Northern Euphrates region, Impact on history: Often referred to as the 'Napoleon of Egypt', he vastly expanded the Egyptian Empire and secured its wealth and power for generations.

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The Reign of Sargon of Akkad

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Years active: ca. 2334-2279 BCE, Regions conquered: Sumerian city-states and expanded to Western Iran, Syria, and Anatolia, Impact on history: Established one of the world's first empires, the Akkadian Empire, which influenced successor states and regional politics.

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The Campaigns of King David

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Years active: ca. 1010-970 BCE, Regions conquered: United the tribes of Israel and expanded the territory to include Edom, Moab, and Ammon, Impact on history: Central figure in Jewish, Christian, and Islamic traditions, established a united Israel which influenced later cultural and historical perspectives.

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The Invasions of the Sea Peoples

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Years active: ca. 1200-900 BCE, Regions conquered: Ancient civilizations of the Aegean and Eastern Mediterranean, Impact on history: Contributed to the end of the Bronze Age and the collapse of several ancient civilizations, leading to changes in the power dynamics of the ancient world.

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