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Assassinated in 44 BC, instrumental in the rise of the Roman Empire, played a critical role in the events that led to the demise of the Roman Republic.

First Roman Emperor, established the Pax Romana, initiated an era of relative peace known as the Golden Age of Rome.

Influential orator and statesman, significant contributor to Latin literature, instrumental in the politics of the late Republic.

Military and political leader of the late Republic, part of the First Triumvirate, defeated in the civil war against Caesar.

Stoic philosopher and Emperor, known for his philosophical work 'Meditations', sought to maintain the Empire's stability.

Last emperor of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, known for his tyrannical reign and the Great Fire of Rome, committed suicide facing rebellion.

Expanded the Roman Empire to its greatest extent, implemented social welfare policies, and is remembered for Trajan's Market and Column.

Constructed Hadrian's Wall in Britain, known for his travels throughout the Empire, and was an admirer of Greek culture.

Notorious for his indulgence and eccentricity, assassinated by members of his own bodyguard, reign was a turning point from republic to autocratic rule.

Second Roman Emperor, known for his reclusive nature and strong legal reforms, governed during the life of Jesus of Nazareth.

Expanded the Roman Empire by conquering Britannia, was poisoned by his own wife Agrippina the Younger, improved the Roman bureaucracy.

Founder of the Flavian dynasty, suppressed the Jewish Rebellion, initiated the construction of the Colosseum.

Completed the Colosseum begun by his father Vespasian, dealt with the eruption of Vesuvius and the fire of Rome, reigned for two years.

Established the Tetrarchy to rule the vast Roman Empire, initiated the last and most severe persecution of Christians, known for his economic reforms.

Enacted the Edict of Milan which granted religious tolerance, first Roman Emperor to convert to Christianity, founded Constantinople.

Known for his erratic behavior and decadent lifestyle, believed himself to be the reincarnation of Hercules, assassinated by his inner circle.

Fictional character portrayed in Ridley Scott's 'Gladiator', was a general who became a slave and then a gladiator, sought vengeance against Commodus.

Reformed the Roman army, allowing recruitment of landless citizens, served as consul seven times, initiated the Marian Reforms.

First Roman general to march his army on Rome, initiated proscriptions to purge his opponents, established himself as dictator.

Carthaginian general, known for crossing the Alps with his war elephants to fight Rome, significant adversary during the Second Punic War.

Roman general, defeated Hannibal in the battle of Zama, earned the cognomen 'Africanus' for his victories in Africa.

Staunch defender of the Roman Republic, known for his conservatism and opposition to Hellenization, famously ended speeches with 'Carthago delenda est'.

Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus, known for their efforts at land reform and improving the lot of the poor, both were murdered for their populist agendas.

Thracian gladiator who led a major slave uprising against the Roman Republic known as the Third Servile War, ultimately defeated by Crassus.