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Sports Supplements
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Zinc
Purported benefits include immune system support, wound healing, and antioxidant properties. Risks include potential for zinc toxicity if taken in high doses, leading to copper deficiency and neurological problems.
Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA)
Purported benefits include fat loss and potential improvements in body composition. Risks could involve inflammation, insulin resistance, and gastrointestinal upset for some individuals.
Glutamine
Purported benefits are maintaining muscle mass and supporting immune function. Risks may include impacting ammonia levels and if taken in excessive amounts can affect liver and kidney function.
Probiotics
Purported benefits consist of improved digestive health, enhanced immune function, and maintaining a healthy gut flora. Risks may include infections in individuals with compromised immune systems and potential gastrointestinal side effects.
Creatine
Purported benefits include increased muscle mass, strength, and exercise performance. Risks may include weight gain, dehydration, and gastrointestinal issues at high doses.
Caffeine
Purported benefits include enhanced alertness, improved concentration, and increased endurance. Risks can include insomnia, nervousness, and in high doses, increased heart rate and blood pressure.
Nitric Oxide Boosters
Purported benefits are increased blood flow, improved exercise performance, and lower blood pressure. Risks could include electrolyte imbalances and potential interactions with medications.
Iron
Purported benefits include aiding in red blood cell production, improving oxygen transportation, and reducing fatigue. Risks include iron overload, which can lead to organ damage, if taken in excess.
Turmeric (Curcumin)
Purported benefits include anti-inflammatory effects, potential reduction in exercise-induced muscle soreness, and antioxidant properties. Risks may include blood thinning at high doses and interactions with certain medications.
Fish Oil (Omega-3 Fatty Acids)
Purported benefits include reduced inflammation, joint health, and support for heart health. Risks include potential blood thinning at high doses and possible contamination with mercury or other pollutants in low-quality supplements.
Beta-Alanine
Purported benefits include improved endurance and slight increases in performance in high-intensity activities. Risks may include tingling sensations and, in high doses, could potentially affect heart health.
Vitamin C
Purported benefits include antioxidant properties, collagen synthesis, and immune support. Risks might be gastrointestinal distress at high doses and potential for kidney stones with prolonged excessive intake.
Sodium Bicarbonate
Purported benefits include buffering lactic acid, improving endurance, and enhancing sprint performance. Risks involve gastrointestinal distress and potential electrolyte imbalances with high intake.
Whey Protein
Purported benefits include muscle repair and growth. Risks may involve kidney strain with excessive use and potential lactose intolerance issues.
Magnesium
Purported benefits consist of muscle function, energy production, and nervous system regulation. Risks include diarrhea with high doses and potential interactions with some medications.
Branched-Chain Amino Acids (BCAAs)
Purported benefits include muscle recovery, reduced exercise fatigue, and prevention of muscle wasting. Risks may include a reduction in serotonin levels, contributing to fatigue if imbalanced with other amino acids.
Beta-Hydroxy Beta-Methylbutyrate (HMB)
Purported benefits include muscle mass maintenance, reduced muscle breakdown, and support in recovery. Risks may involve gastrointestinal issues and potential interaction with certain medications when taken in large quantities.
Vitamin D
Purported benefits include support for bone health, immune function, and reduction of inflammation. Risks may involve hypercalcemia if taken in excess, potentially leading to kidney stones and heart issues.
Vitamin B12
Purported benefits include support for nerve function, red blood cell formation, and energy production. Risks can include none at moderate levels, but in excess, may cause side effects such as headaches or anxiety.
Calcium
Purported benefits include bone health, muscle function, and nerve signaling. Risks can include hypercalcemia which may lead to vascular issues and kidney stones if taken in excess without balance with vitamin D and magnesium.
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